Advanced Materials Research Vols. 573-574

Abstract: This study investigated the Yangshanchong tailings reservoir to determine the migration of heavy metals in mine tailings. By paralleling to tailings discharge direction, we set 4 sampling profiles, open channel excavation sampling. The results showed that the transfer rates of Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Pb are relatively fast, while that of Zn is slower. Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn secondary enrichment appear at 40~80cm. There are some discrepancies in the heavy metal migration characteristics in different places. At the highest part of the tailings reservoir, heavy metal element's content is higher than the other sampling points, heavy metals leaching quantity is small, while in the low-lying areas, Zn, Cu and Cd form a local enrichment in the surface, and also part of heavy metal elements secondary enrichment in less than 100 cm shallow tailings. Surface grass planting can cause some elements to enrich, which might hinder the rehabilitation in the tailings reservoir.

Abstract: The distribution of soil nutrients and soil productivity of farmland in Ledong Li Autonomous County (Ledong County) are studied. By forming an indicator system for assessing farmland productivity, which includes three sub-goals of site conditions, soil physicochemical properties and soil profile configuration, and applying Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine the weight sum, the farmland productivities are estimated. The results indicate that soil nutrients and farmland productivity are in moderate level but unevenly distributed in each Town of Ledong County. The distribution of farmland productivity is closely related with topography and river distribution, where irrigations and slopes are main determining factors of uneven distributions of soil nutrients and farmland productivity in study area. Soil acidification of surface layers in tropical areas was significant in last 30 years. Ways to fertilize should be altered in order to prevent soil acidifications and improve its farmland productivity.

Abstract: Construction of environment-friendly and resource-saving cultivation techniques is the key to sustainable development of agriculture and the ecological environment. In order to explore the efficient and ecological Hainan bitter gourd cultivation patterns, our laboratory had conducted production comparative study for two consecutive years (2010-2011) using Reyan No. 1 dark green bitter gourd. The results show that drip irrigation, balanced fertilization at different growth stages, bagging and the physical control of pest and disease are efficient and ecological cultivation measures of bitter gourd in Hainan.

Abstract: Since the method of single factor and multi-object for acoustic environment evaluation would get inaccurate results, an improved multi-grade fuzzy recognition model is proposed. Taking into account the factors of affected time and the number of people affected, it is a multi-factor and multi-object evaluation method. This method not only eliminates the wrong results caused by the misuse of the maximum subordination principle, but also avoids weakness of the principle. Moreover, it is applied to evaluate acoustic environment of Hohai University Xikang Road campus. The evaluation results correspond with the subjective attitude of the teachers and students, which proves the validity and correct.

Abstract: Higher temperature will have serious effects on human health in the context of global warming. Projection of changes in extreme heat hazard is critical to assess the potential impacts of climate change on human health. Using PRECIS simulations, two indices – hot days and heat-wave days – were selected to project the spatial patterns of extreme heat hazard for the baseline period (1961–1990) and future (2011–2040) over China under SRES B2 scenario. The results showed the annual hot days would increase from 10.2 days to 17.3 days, and the annual heat-wave days from 11.5 days to 22.6 days. The extreme heat hazard in most areas of the country would become higher to some extent except for Tibetan Plateau, and the area percentage of extreme heat hazard grade 5 would extend from 2.3% to 13.7%.

Abstract: In this article, it does a ranking evaluation of 21 prefectural-Level cities in Guangdong province using the factor analysis methods which is based on the statistics on the discharge and treatment of “Three Wastes—industrial wastewater, waste gas and solid wastes” of this 21 cities which is stated in . The research results shows that the compliance rate of “three wastes” and purification degree of industrial smoke and solid wastes play important roles in the evaluation, and the top six cities in this ranking are Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhuhai, Foshan, Shantou and Jiangmen.

Abstract: With the increasing deepening of the development of the environmental landscape design, the social orientation and utility properties of the design highlights gradually and people increasingly attach more and more importance to the economic factors in design. The design utility is not only one of the basis for the development of design but also one of the directions of the creative of design theories. This essay emphasizes on the discussion of the design utility and reveals the objective laws between the design and economy. The ecological design theory to some extent is the inherent extension of the utility theories and is of great practical significance in the context of the prosperity of today’s design. The ultimate goal of design is design utility maximization and the rational use of resources, demands for design innovation, humane care and economic optimal combination. Design is impossible to separate from the society and the economy and exist independently. The nature of the design is to achieve a perfect unity among the use value, aesthetic value and effective value. The utility exactly constantly promotes the updates of this kind of optimal allocation.

Abstract: The ecological footprint is a quantitative method which can measure the sustainable development of ecological. In this way, we can conclude the impact degree of human activities on the environment. In this paper, the study region is Huanggang which is in Hubei province. Based on the introduction of ecological footprint, we calculate and analyze the agro-ecological footprint of Huanggang.The results show that the agro-ecological footprint of Huanggang is: 1.728252hm2/person.The available ecological capacity is 0.314946hm2/person; Per capita ecological deficit is up to1.413306hm2/person.This result shows that the agriculture development of Huanggang is in the state of unsustainable, meanwhile, we proposed some countermeasures to improve the agriculture sustainable capability of Huanggang.

Abstract: Radionuclides released from uranium mine ventilation shafts would pose radiation exposure to the public and environment. A three-dimensional lagrangian stochastic model has been presented to study the atmospheric dispersion of solid-state radionuclides released from the uranium-bearing mine ventilation shafts. Meteorological conditions and geographical conditions including four downwind velocities (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 m/s) and two underlying surface roughness characteristics (0.1 m, 1.0 m) were chose in the study. The radionuclides concentration distributions at various wind speeds and surface roughness were attained to evaluate the pollution in the vicinity of uranium mine ventilation shaft.

Abstract: Analysis and forecast atmospheric wind velocity profiles have the important roles in research the dispersion of the pollutants and its effects to surrounding environment. A three-dimensional numerical modeling on atmospheric wind flow over a mountain under neutral condition was processed to attain the velocity contours of atmospheric wind field on complex terrains. Meteorological conditions and geographical conditions including four downwind velocities and two underlying surface roughness characteristics were considered in the present study. Water tank experiment and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technology were used to gain typical wind flow field and validate the simulation results. The numerical results agree well with the experimental results, which prove the numerical methods used in this paper could be the alternative good tool to research and forecast atmospheric wind field.