Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 361-363

Abstract: This is the further study on the basis of privious study, the transport problem paradox, when the change is more than the adjustable amount in the optimization process, namely the so-called stage of post transportation problem paradox. Learning from the view of the minus cost route and the theoretical viewpoint of anti-adjustable route, and taking the theory of adjustment route as a guide, author made the assumption judgment and proven the development trend of the total freight and cargo in the stage of post transportation paradox.

Abstract: This paper addresses the balanced bus crew rostering problem (BBCRP). In this problem, the duty assignment to bus crews in a given time horizon should satisfy that the total workload should be evenly distributed. We firstly formulate the problem as a multi-level balanced assignment problem. Then, a genetic algorithm-based approach is designed to solve the proposed model. Finally, a simple numerical example is given to illustrate the application of the approach. Implementation results show that the proposed approach can obtain good quality solutions in a reasonable time and can be applied to real-life BBCRPs.

Abstract: This paper developed a model for urban rail transit lines construction schedule based on cumulative prospect theory. Firstly, six typical influencing factors of urban rail transit construction schedule were proposed and analyzed. Secondly, the decision matrix was build and standardized. In addition, the prospect value function was defined based on the cumulative prospect theory and gray correlation analysis, and an optimization model was constructed. Thirdly, the optimal weight vector was solved and the construction schedule was determined. Finally, a case study of Xian rail transit was conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.

Abstract: The paper is focused on the capacitated vehicle routing problem. And solve this type of problems utilizing improved Heuristic Search Algorithm from the overall situation. According to the features of the problem, the essay centered the construct initial solution to construct neighborhood structure. For the operation, 1-exchange and 2-opt* were applied, it can also fasten the speed of convergence, and boost the search efficiency. Finally, the good performance of this algorithm can be proved by experiment calculation and concrete examples.

Abstract: The characteristics of passengers standing-position choice and the factors that have effects on passenger distribution are analyzed. According to the investigation results, the disproportion of passenger distribution in one subway carriage is confirmed. The curves about the standing passenger density (from 0-6p/m²) and the passenger number that use different facilities on Line 4 and Line 13 of Beijing Subway are fitted by means of the linear regression theory. Then, the equations of the curves are able to predict the passenger distribution under the situations of different standing passenger densities. After comparing the predicted values with the investigated values, the feasibility of the model is validated accordingly.

Abstract: Based on the emission and electricity consumption data collected by a light-duty electric vehicle (EV) and a light-duty gasoline vehicle (GV), a set of electricity consumption rate models and gasoline consumption rate models are established with instantaneous speed and acceleration as input parameters of these models contain while the outputs are electricity & gasoline consumption rates. then, the gasoline & electricity consumption rate models are transformed into standard coal consumption rate models based on the conversion formula of standard coal, respectively. Finally, comparisons about standard coal consumption rates are made between EV and GV under different operation modes. The results show that EV has an obvious advantage over GV in energy consumption reduction.

Abstract: Operating speed is the final presentation of vehicles influenced by integration of highway geometric alignment, road environment, vehicle performance as well as drivers behavior; moreover, the larger speed differential between two consecutive segments is, the worse the design consistency of the section will be, where the probability of traffic accidents will be higher. In this paper, the existing operating speed based criteria for evaluation of design consistency are reviewed, however without comprehensive verification and calibration of the criteria in China, the adaptability and effectiveness of the criteria cannot be verified. The more personalized criteria for China highways are needed. The theoretical analysis of various operating speed based evaluation methods were put forward in order to decide the more localized evaluation method in China; afterwards, a traffic accident based analysis of different road sections of a motorway in northeastern China are put forward in order to verify the critical nominal road segments for road safety audit. Both of the operating speed and traffic accident resources of the verified road segments have been collected from the selected motorway. By applying graphic-arts technique and statistical analysis method, the operating speed based design consistency criteria were developed.

Abstract: High speed train (HST) has received plenty of attention due to the characteristics of safety, quickness, convenience and better service in China over recent years. With consideration of rapid development of HST and intense competition between HST and other transport modes, it is essential to estimate the travel demand for HST. In this research, a disaggregate logit model is applied to estimate the travel demand for high-speed train based on stated preference data. Considering the independence of irrelevant alternatives attribute, a nested structure is chosen to these alternatives. Besides, both the service attributes of transport mode and passengers' attributes are taken into account when establishes model. The results obtained confirm that HST occupies a significant position in modes conpetition and have an important impact on air in middle and long distance market.

Abstract: For the reasons of relative short cruising range and insufficient charging facilities, the use and promotion of electric vehicles (EV) is restricted. The estimation of cruising range is important for the EV drivers when selecting the travel route. Energy consumption for different running status is the prerequisite for estimation of cruising range. In this study, an energy consumption factor model is established, which is characterized with reflecting the impact of frequent acceleration and deceleration of urban road, and the input parameter is easily obtained from usual road traffic information system. The results show that the proposed model can predict energy consumption with high accuracy. Then based on real-time links average travel speed, this paper proposes a method of estimating the cruising range when EV travels on a planned route according to drivers demand.

Abstract: In contrast to fuel vehicles, the wide-spread use of electric vehicles (EVs) is still hindered by limited battery capacity and cruising range. It is important to forecast the EVs cruising range accurately before departure and reduce the risk of running out of electricity before arriving at the destination or charging station. In this article, through analyzing the variation characteristics of energy consumption rate with instantaneous speed and acceleration, a series of EV energy consumption rate models are established according to different operation modes. Further, a novel cruising range estimation method is proposed based on the presented EV energy consumption rate models, which is characterized by fully considering the impacts of instantaneous speed and acceleration. Finally, using the simulation data of a road in Beijing, the model presented in this article is utilized in conjunction with microscopic traffic simulation technologies to demonstrate its application in estimating the EVs cruising range under different traffic volumes.