Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 97-98

Abstract: The paper firstly introduces development background and design concept of China’s railway passenger stations in the New Era. Then combined with construction & operation practice of some high speed railway passenger stations, construction characteristics and existing problems of China’s high speed railway passenger stations are analyzed. At last, some ideas for systematically solving these problems are put forward.

Abstract: This paper analyses the source and development of fault tolerance theory, and discusses the working process of fault tolerance, and illustrates the workflow and dependability of fault tolerance. So there is a widespread belief that this is feasible that fault tolerance theory is used in the traffic safety study. Base on summarizing fault tolerance factors, the paper gives fault tolerance conceptual model primarily which could be used in the road traffic safety research. Above all, the paper presents a new idea which study traffic safety issues from the perspective of fault-tolerant , and this is important core content of the paper, and is the purpose of writing this article too.

Abstract: Due to the similarity of passengers source in long distance transportation, competitions among passenger dedicated line(PDL), existing railway lines and air transportation are severely. First of all, analyzing the element which influence travelers choice, then a competition model for these three modes of transportation are gotten, which mainly take ticket price, comfort and travel time into account. In the process of competition, the ticket price adjustment can affect the service quality. Therefore, in this paper using the average crowding degree to measure service quality, under the promise the guarantee of the service quality of transportation modes, a PDL ticket price model based on the service quality is formulated, and the LINGO software be used to solve this model. At last the PDL of Jing-guang is chosen as an example to calculate the ticket price of PDL. The result shows that in order to meet the required of service quality of each transportation mode, the ticket price of PDL should no less than RMB 700.

Abstract: To repair remote mountainous transportation lifeline networks destructed by major natural disasters, a best repair algorithm developed from augmented variational method (AVM) is presented. By constructing a residual network of the original network, augmenting a given feasible flow along the augmented path and introducing pre-flow push algorithm, the optimal evacuation way in the remaining paths is amended and found out. Finally, the calculating process of pre-flow push algorithm was illustrated through a case study. According to actual situation of the road, measures for repairing the lifeline network were proposed. Result of the case study shows that the ability to transfer road traffic after secondary accidents will be improved by calculating and comparing the modified values of AVM to the critical sections in remote areas.

Abstract: Based on analyzing the system and network characteristics of the railway financial analysis, it discusses the necessity of financial analysis based on network. Combining with a specific case, it analyses the related network, associated projects, with or without project and other key issues, then expounds the with or without project volume, identification and calculation of costs and benefits in detail. For cost calculation, it probes into construction investment estimate of this project, the associated investment estimate, operating costs, and other important issues. For benefits, it detailed analyses the increase of the number of transport products, improvement of transport quality and lower transportation costs three parts. Finally it concludes the necessity, objectivity and feasibility of network-based financial analysis in railway construction projects.

Abstract: Evacuation time it takes for people to escape out of a room with obstacle was investigated by using a small-grid lattice gas model with different maximum velocities. The relationship between the evacuation time and the size of barrier was explored. The evacuation time decreases when the obstacle is set appropriately under different densities. The numbers of pedestrians running out of the room with and without obstacle at each time step are compared.

Abstract: The concept of reliability of road service level was put forward and the threshold determination method based on this concept was studied in this paper. Results of case studies showed that the proposed method for threshold determination was valuable in practice.

Abstract: The mix rate of large trucks is extremely high on expressway in China. The influence of moving bottleneck on the traffic flow of the expressway is particularly serious. The moving bottleneck, formed due to the overtaking of the low-speed trucks, is analyzed with the kinematic wave theory and simulated by utilizing the VISSIM software. Simulation results indicate that increase of the traffic flow and the mix rate of trucks could aggravate the influence of the moving bottleneck on the traffic states, and decrease the speeds of cars significantly. This leads to the insufficient use of the expressway resources. The study result can contribute to the traffic capacity analysis of the expressway.

Abstract: With the changes of composition about railway freight and car, the development process from small to big was experienced to many marshalling stations. Various possible schemes were faced when stations were expanded, how to choose so as to minimize the total investment for all stages was concerned by the decision makers. Based on the actual development, the dynamic planning model was built. Minimizing the total investment in the design stages was the objective function, subject to three groups: first is the sorting capacity was to meet the demand, second was the utilization of sorting capacity was not too low, the last was the capacity was larger and larger. Taking into account the difficulty of solving model directly, this model is transformed into shortest path model. The specific solution is expounded through an example application, the use area of the model is described in the end.

Abstract: he traditional safety evaluation methods are mostly based on historical accident data, which belong to the macroscopical level and have obvious defects in traffic safety management. This paper established accident Probability Density Function by using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), proposed Accident Probability Prediction (APP) model based on Empirical Bayes (EB) method for considering the impact of accident location characteristics and historical data. The paper also established the method for road traffic safety micro-evaluation by adopting Traffic Accident Probabilities of Equivalent ten thousand Cars (TAPEC) indicator, and a comparative evaluation was conducted by the proposed method against cumulative frequency curve method. Through analyzing accident data collected from the G301, the results show that the proposed method is more reliable and can access to the transformation priorities of potentially dangerous road sections. So it can provide theoretical basis for checking the dangerous sections and improving accident prevention and response.