Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 97-98

Abstract: In this paper, a new viscous vehicular flow model proposed by Song et al is discussed from the perspective of the capability to reproduce nonlinear traffic behavors observed in real traffic. The linear stability condition for stationary and equilibrium flow is derived. Near the neutral stability curve, the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation describing congested traffic pattern is derived with use of the reduction perturbation method. And the corresponding analytical soliton solution is obtained.

Abstract: The proper arrangement of taxiways is one of the most important jobs for airport operations. Based on simulation technique, the problem that latency time was hard to be presented by mathematics analytic expressions is solved in this paper. By transforming operating limitations into constraint conditions, taxiway optimization model aims at the shortest weighting taxiing time is established and the genetic algorithm is used in solving the model. To improve the efficiency, proper deletions of scheme set are conducted by the rules. At last, the validity of the simulation model and the algorithm are illustrated by an example.

Abstract: The implication and characteristics of integrated land-use of station areas were analyzed firstly. Then considering the current issue of unbalanced arriving and leaving passenger flow for a rail station caused by a single type land use in our country, a new way based on two-way balanced passenger flow to develop the rail station areas has been proposed and the related model has been constructed with a suggested solving algorithm. Finally, the model was checked and applied in Tashan Road station area development that is part of the planning project for line 5of Great Hexi, Changsha city.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the railway infrastructure simulation demands in train operation and organization at different levels. It takes the rail road network topology model and the railway signal system model as the core to build a multi-resolution-based simulation model architecture of the railway infrastructure. According to different information needs of railway infrastructure simulation model, it proposes a Hierarchical model achieving logic function of signaling system, and studies the signal system’s multi-resolution simulation methods through multi-level logic block configuration. According to the space information requirement of different simulation levels, the paper builds a multi-resolution rail road network mode.

Abstract: Noting that road structure and traffic condition in urban and rural area are clearly different from urban roads and highways, this article points out the main safety problems existing in fringe area through analysis of road traffic conditions, transportation characteristics and characteristics of different accidents in urban and rural existence, and as well puts forward the countermeasures from two aspects, namely traffic planning and management, to solve the problems of Chongqing fringe traffic.

Abstract: As a quasi-public traffic mode, more and more attention has been paid to the commuter bus to ease the traffic congestion. To get the travel behaviors of the commuters to which the commuter bus is available, The RP and SP survey about the travel behavior of commuters were carried out and the influencing factors of mode choice are discussed. The commuting mode combinations were found to exist during the decision-making process and there exist the preferred mode and secondary mode for each individual for one trip mode choice. The preferred mode choice model is established based on the multinomial logit mode. The results show that gender, month income, vehicle ownership, commuter cost, and commuter time have marked influences on the result of preferred mode choice for commuter purpose. The goodness of fit parameter ρ2 and goodness-of fit index adjusted by freedom ρ2 of the preferred mode choice model are 0.407 and 0.369 respectively, which implies that the forecast accuracy of the model is high. The VOT of the respondents in the survey is 29.9RMB/h and the results can provide a good reference for designing and optimizing of the commuter bus.

Abstract: This paper proceeds from safety which is fundamental guarantee of rail transit sustainable development with the special environment of stations to analyze effects of passengers’ psychologies and behaviors and information of the emergency in the process of emergency evacuation, and studies the game features passengers and ‘emergency event’ and passengers in between. Firstly, single passageway is studied. Then the concept of relative density is presented, the relationship among evacuation time with passenger flow volume, running velocity of passengers, density, length and width of passageway are found out. Finally suggestions are made on contingency measures against the emergency.

Abstract: Previous studies of the shopping duration have considered the impact of sociodemographic variables and temporal constraints. In this paper, we extend the those previous studies by seeking to establish how the duration of shopping episodes varies with the variation of commercial establishment environment, travel behavior surrounding the shopping episode, shopping with other activities and the number of shoppers together. The data used are 2856 residents’ shopping surveys in Ningbo of China on workdays in November 2009. The study applies cox regression models for examineing the effects of these variables on the duration of shopping episodes. The results indicate that the shopping duration is related to sociodemographic variables, temporal constraints, commercial establishment environment, travel behavior surrounding the shopping episode, shopping with other activities and the number of shoppers together. Shopping tends to take more time on workdays as the commercial establishment location is in the city central business area, the establishment business area is larger, distance from the previous to the current shopping location is longer, a person does shopping with other activities or a male person does shopping together with spouse. The effect varies, however, with the different periods of day and gender.

Abstract: The friction coefficient (FC) will be reduced when the roads is covered by ice-snow, and the traffic operation risk will be increased in the regions(as Harbin Heilongjiang province in China) with high latitudes, whose winter is long and cold , and those conditions led to the reduction of road capacity and the increase of traffic delays. Using the video detection device, one of the traffic flow information collecting devices, a large number of data in the period of ice-snow of cold area are collected, which is the research base of this paper. The macro and micro traffic flow characteristic of urban road under ice-snow conditions is analyzed, such as the traffic flow, the distribution of headway time, and the properties of the speed distribution. The relation models of FC of ice-snow road and speed-volume are built. Then, the traffic flow characteristics are compared between ice-snow and non- ice-snow road. The outcomes studied above are the foundation for analyzing traffic operation and capacity of urban road in the period of ice-snow.

Abstract: To provide effective strategies for the increasing traffic and future terminal development, in investigating ways in which terminals can improve the capacity and efficiency, this paper outlines a generic simulation model in scenario of experiments for a given terminal on the software of Witness, which can be adapted by some specific terminal. The aim of this model is to measure the terminal capacity and service quality in scenarios of changed inter arrival times and different arrival schedules. It is a tool for measuring and improving the efficiency of terminal with given ship arrival scenarios, which can provide a useful guide for terminal decision-makers and operators.