Advanced Materials Research Vols. 183-185

Abstract: Chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) technique was firstly used to study mating system of natural Pinus koraiensis population. Nine pairs of primers with clear spectrum bands, high stability and polymorphism were selected from 70 pairs of cpSSR primers to analyze the mating systems of 28 individuals. 14 polymorphic loci were detected in the nine pairs of primers. The multi-locus (tm) and single-locus (ts) outcrossing rate were 0.966 (SD=0.000) and 0.939 (SD=0.000), respectively, which were slightly higher than those of other tree species. The constant index (F=-0.035) was below zero, indicating the occurrence of excessive heterozygote. Moreover, inbreeding index (tm-ts=0.027; SD=0.000) was close to zero, indicating an insignificant inbreeding. MLDT analysis showed that multi-locus outcrossing rate differed from single-locus outcrossing rate in mating systems of 28 individuals, but the differences were not statistically significant.

Abstract: The initial period rainwater has a great influence on the quality of surface water in Tianjin city. To reducing the initial period rainwater pollution, the effective control measures must be taken for initial period rainwater. A comprehensive operation regulation by using the surplus capacity of sewage treatment plant, reservoirs and rivers is proposed and studied in this paper. The order of initial period rainwater storage is firstly in sewage treatment plant, then in reservoirs and finally drainage to rivers. By carefully arranging the intercepted amount of every storage stage, the pollution of initial period rainfall in an example Tianjin area is shown to be effectively solved.

Abstract: The sediment samples of zooplankton subfossil at different depths were collected from a large shallow lake Wuliangsuhai Lake, China, in order to reconstruct lake past changes. The lake began to switch to eutrophication gradually in the middle 1980s, creating a sediment discontinuity layer (about 32.5 cm depth) that can be visually used to separate sediments derived from plankton and macrophyte. Inferences about the timing and trajectory of eutrophication were made using sediment zooplankton subfossil reconstruction. The changes in composition of the zooplankton fragments were rather gradual up the core, whereas the total numbers of fragments show the most marked changes from 32.5 cm to present. Changes in the composition of zooplankton fragments (in 32.5 cm depth) show a gradual shift from a “pelagic community” dominated by B. longirostris, reflecting clearwater conditions with high predation pressure, to a more “benthic” community, dominated by plant associated Chydorids. The results suggest that it is possible to reconstruct past eutrophication trends of the lake by using zooplankton subfossil, and that anthropogenic pollutant loading is the key factor in the eutrophication of Lake Wuliangsuhai.

Abstract: Natural attenuation of BTEX and characteristics of the water in the study are researched in this paper. The study not only obtain the attenuation rules of BTEX over time, but also the rules of the redox materials of the contaminated groundwater over time. From the study, we reach conclusion that the redox conditions is changed with the increasing pollution of BTEX and the oxidation condition changes into reducing condition. With the changing of the redox condition, there take place a variety of redox reactions. The materials of oxidation, such as O2, NO3-, Fe3+and SO42-, are transformed into reduction materials, such as NO2-, Fe2+, S2- and so on. In this process, the components of BTEX are degradated by micro-organisms which using the oxidation materials as electron acceptors.

Abstract: Biological Aerated Filter has the drawback of severe plug under low temperature, and frequent back-washing would cause the bad performance of ammonia removal. To solve these shortcomings, partial backwashing experiment was carried out to test its amelioration effect on Biological Aerated Filter. The result showed that performing backwashing at the 40 cm of filter had strong protective effect on nitrifying bacteria, the ammonia removal could be improved gradually with the highest removal rate of 71.71%. Partial backwashing affected less on ammonia removal and the removal efficiency could be restored to the previous level after the backwashing completed for 2.5 h.

Abstract: The coke-wastewater contained all the pollutants which are the aromatic compounds and heterocyclic compounds with benzene ring. Under the normal conditions, it is difficult to obtain good results. By the microbial metabolism of the theory , it is easy to microbial degradation. The use of the primary matrix improves the degradation rate of organic matter .we studied some co-metabolism of carbon and nitrogen sources which affect the bacteria in the degradation of coke-wastewater to remove ammonia and COD. At the same kind of reaction conditions, the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen increase the maximum extent by the addition of glucose and NaNO2. Alkaline substances promote the degradation efficiency.

Abstract: With rapid sponsorship and widely spreading of sustainable development theory, the research on the sustainable development indicator systems and its evaluation became increasingly an important issue for small watershed. Small watershed was thought to be the most basic operation unit for watershed sustainable development realization, building its sustainable development indicator system was regarded as the basic approach of realizing its sustainable development. Taking Puwa small watershed as study object, this paper quantitative analysis that the status of small watershed sustainable development by using AHP-PCA method. In this paper, taking AHP-PCA method as a powerful tool, by calculating comprehensive evaluation values of sustainable development as well as objective analysis of the level of sustainable development in different years the sustainable development situation of Puwa small watershed was evaluated. Corresponding strategies were put forward to supply relational decision-making departments with reference.

Abstract: The evaluation of the reliability of structural systems is of extreme importance in structural design, mainly when the variables are random. A method is presented to efficiently assess the random response of stochastic structures. The article uses two-level sampling method to partial fiber element. First, the homogeneous random field of concrete and rebar can be created by modified Latin-hypercube sampling. Then section discretization method is adopted to assign fiber random variables of concrete section fiber. The algorithm is then used to analyze the random response of a concrete beam, and the result proves that the method is efficient.

Abstract: 16 EPA-priority PAHs on ambient airborne particles with different diameters were measured at 7 urban sites in Jinan during heating and non-heating periods to characterize their distribution and pollution levels. The concentrations of 16 particulate PAHs were between 7.56 and 800 ng•m−3 with an average of 308 ng•m−3. PAHs on atmospheric particles were dominated by 4- to 6-ring components and exhibited pronounced spatial distribution, temporal variation and size distribution. The emission strength and meteorological conditions were the most important factors affecting these trends. Furthermore, a numerical prediction model was proposed to forecast and prevent PAHs air pollution in Jinan. The coincidence between predicted and measured concentrations of PAHs demonstrated the good capability of this prediction model system.

Abstract: The osmotic stress and ion toxicity caused by high salt is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect the crop growth and development. Na+/H+ antiporter is the key factor in the salt-stress tolerance in organism. It can maintain normal growth and metabolism of organism under high salt stress. PCR was per- formed to clone a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter gene nhaA from Pseudomonas stutzeri, and the plant expression vector pBI121-nhaA was constructed. NhaA gene was trans- formed into soybean growing point via Agrobacterium- mediated transformation. PCR, Southern blot analysis showed that nhaA gene had been integrated into the soybean genome. Salt resistance analysis showed that the relative electronic conductivity of the transformed plants plasma membrane was signify- cantly lower than that of the control under salt stress. While the content of chlorophyll and proline in the transformed plants were significantly higher than that in the controls. The expression of nhaA gene increased the salt stress tolerance of the transgenic soybean and provided excellent candidate genes for improving salt tolerance of crops.