Advanced Materials Research Vols. 183-185

Abstract: Black bamboo, who was considered to have biohealth function in folk, is becoming a major biomass in rooms. Therefore, the chemical components from black bamboo were identified by TD-GC/MS at different temperature. The main components of black bamboo biomass at 300°С were butanal(13.29%) , 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone (8.80%) , ethene, (2-methoxyethoxy)-( 8.68%), acetic acid, anhydride with formic acid(7.21%) , furfural(6.90%) , 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-(6.29%), phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-(5.67%), etc. And the main components at 320°С were acetic acid(20.87%), benzaldehyde, 2-methyl-(10.96%) , 1,3-propanediamine, n-methyl-(8.72%), phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-(5.87%), 2-furanmethanol(5.26%), etc. Black bamboo biomass was more healthy to human at 300°С than 320°С. So black bamboo biomass was biohealth function.

Abstract: The biological adsorption law removes the heavy metal ion, many factor influences, among, in the solution the inherent alkaline metal positive ion existence is affects the microorganism adsorption the important attribute. This article take Mycobacterium phlei as the absorbent, inspected the different pH value, the coexistence ion amount used as well as in tri-, four-, five-, six-coexistent ion systems, to absorbed water solution in Pb²⁺ ion influence. Through around the determination Mycobacterium phlei Contact angle and the adsorption the biological surface zeta - the potential shift, indicated the Mycobacterium phlei to the Pb²⁺ adsorption process in, the electrostatic attraction occupies the leadership, but in the multi-dimensional coexistence adsorption system, has the competition adsorption and the ionic.

Abstract: Industrial Ecology (IE) is a creative way to achieve sustainable development. Marine resource-based chemical industry is the chemical industry which utilizes marine as its main raw materials. It is usually the dominate industry in coastal regions. Water flow is an important material flow for marine resource-based chemical industry. This article describes an example of the water utilization of the Hai Hua industrial ecosystem (HHIE). HHIE is an important marine resource-based chemical industry base in China. There are three kinds of water in HHIE: underground brine, seawater and freshwater. The three-fold of water utilization in HHIE is described. The basic approaches and the limiting factors of water utilization in HHIE are analyzed. It can provide some experiences for water utilization of other marine resource-based chemical industries.

Abstract: In this paper, E. coli as experimental subjects ，by changing the input voltage, bacterial concentration, turbidity and pH to study the impact that the use intense white light on the inactivation of E. coli in medium surface. The results showed that: light pulses had a strong effect on lethal E. coli, with the input voltage increasing, the inactivation rate increased. The input voltage is 2500v as an appropriate experimental condition, that satisfy both conservation of energy and a better inactivation .The inactivation rate and the logarithm of livability of E. coli rising with the bacterial concentration increasing, when the light flashes six times, the medium surface almost be killed. Turbidity affect to the inactivation of E. coli, with the turbidity increasing, the effect of the inactivation gradually weakened. When ph was changed, the impact of pulsed light on E. coli inactivation was less .The effect of inactivation achieve the best level when pH was 6.

Abstract: Problems associated with non-sustainable use of fossil fuels have led to increased awareness and widespread research into the accessibility of new and renewable energy resources. As the renewable energy, biogas should be widely used for its advantages in environmental friendly, security and efficiency. But factors in policy and environment made the utilization of biogas hard to achieve in cold areas. This article focus on the problem, make conclusions and give advices based on the analysis of the example of China’s rural areas in the north. The exact information was obtained via questionnaire survey, aiming at promoting the utilization of biogas in cold areas.

Abstract: Bio-methanation system was mature and has been widely utilized in South China, while hard to apply in the north. This paper aims to learn about the current situation of biogas utilization in North China, and develop the integrative biological reactor (IBR) which could make anaerobic fermentation well utilized in North China. Information was obtained via on-the-spot investigation and questionnaire survey (300 sent out, 247 effective). Through comparative analyses of the conditions, conclusions were made as follows: device’s disfunction, high cost, lack of understanding and short of materials were the main cause of the low biogas penetration rate. Experiments were made and corresponding solutions were obtained. The IBR was the integration of continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor. Obtained from the test, when kitchen waste was used as substrate, the most suitable Volume Load Rate (VLR) for methane production was 6~8 kgCOD/(m3•d), the highest gas production rate was about 1.5~2.4L/d. And for the hydrogen production, the maximum of hydrogen production reached at 6L/d when the VLR stabilized at 15~20kgCOD/(m3d).

Abstract: This paper proposed an orthogonal design L27(313) with four factors(seeds shucked off pericarp, dipped in water, GA3 treatment, 6-BA treatment and stratification)and three levels based on the dormancy of Tilia amurensis seed. The optimal way for quikly breaking seed dormancy was obtained. That was: 1)shucking off the pericarp; 2)scalding seeds for 2s with 100°C boiling water, then soaking in room temperature water for 24h; 3)soaking in 100 mg•L-1 GA3 and 6-BA solution, respectively for 24h; 4)stratification in varying temperature (10-15°C)for 5d, then in low temperature(0-5°C)for 15d. The germination rate of T. amurensis seed could get to 70.2% by above treatment and germination time was shortened to 30 days which was greatly improved compared to previous study.

Abstract: Cloth media filter was applied in the treatment of the effluent of a municipal wastewater plant through pilot scale test for water reuse. Ferric chloride (FeCl3), PAFC and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were employed as coagulants respectively to carry out the test. The average removal efficiency of TP and CODCr was 28.76% and 8% after cloth media filter without coagulation, and TP removal was influenced by the influent water quality. However, precoagulation with coagulants of ferric chloride, PAFC, PAC, the average removal efficiency of TP was 63.58%, 60.13%, 66.94% respectively, and no influence of TP removal can be found by the influent water quality. The average removal efficiency of CODCr was increased to 17.7%、26.3% and 27.7%，SS was 70.7%、64.3% and 49.1%. TN and NH3-N were removed unstably after cloth media filter.

Abstract: With the development of society and economy, the issues of environment have becoming the focus of all around the world, especially in the developing countries. In China, on one hand, villagers' income was rising. On the other hand, the environment was running down gradually: In 2009, pesticides were used by 89% of farmers. Upon 300,000 tons of pesticides were used in the whole country annually. And 60~70% of pesticides were dissolved in waters and soils; 67% of daily rubbishes were discarded arbitrarily by villagers in country; 74% of farmers made use of plastic film, while only 13% of it was cleared completely; the decrease of forest areas that due to the denudation was almost 50% compared with the last 5 years; in villages, many resources were not effectively used. 64% of the villagers did not re-use waste consciously. It can be concluded that protection of the ecological environment in rural areas was urgent. As a sample writer took an investigation in a village.

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to study the effects of mixture of Bacillus subtilis and yeast culture market named Chusuyi(XSY) added into dairy diet on intake and milk production. The results indicated that the milk production and feed intake was higher among experimental groups than that of control groups. The dry matter, fat protein and milk sugar content in every milk samples is higher but no statistical significant. The economic return of experimental group was higher than that of control group.