Advanced Materials Research Vols. 204-210

Abstract: Climate-Change (Global warming) is the central point on the current agenda of the international environmental policy. This paper proposes a model to formulate the global warming policy as dynamic Stackelberg or Leader-Follower Game. In this game, an international agency or international agreement is the leader, who will decide the emission abatement rate of each region; and the followers are several regions who control their consumption of carbon-energy relating to carbon emissions. The challenge of this model is to solve its equilibrium since it is not a liner-quadratic game model.

Abstract: Because of the high speed and insufficient stopping distance, a sudden obstacle will force the vehicle to perform a lane change maneuver to avoid a crash or rear-end collision. A vehicle yaw following control system was designed in this paper to prevent vehicles from spinning and drifting out on high speed obstacle avoidance under emergency. However, yaw following control system, in some situation, may not react properly to, or even deteriorate on-road rollover events. Four-wheel steering control system can reduce the excessive yaw movement due to yaw following control system. An integration control system, including yaw following control system and four-wheel steering control system was presented and discussed. With this improved control system, the vehicle lateral stability can be improved on high speed obstacle avoidance.

Abstract: The bit stream extraction plays an important role in Scalable Video Coding (SVC) [1]. However, one downside of current video coding methods is to ignore the video contents which is in fact an important factor for video coding efficiency. Therefore, an equivalent MSE method is proposed in this paper to extract substreams in the temporal and spatial enhancement layers. When the Motion Vectors (MVs) are large in one video, a larger frame rate is necessary to maintain the continuity of the object movement which makes no jump in the visual sense. In this sense, substreams extraction in temporal enhancement layer has to be satisfied. On the other hand, if there are some larger high-frequency components in a single frame of the video, that is to say, there are some higher spatial details in the video stream. As a result, it should try to meet the extraction requirement in spatial enhancement layer. This method has the advantage of considering the contents of the video, which can effectively improve the coding performance and quality. The experimental results have demonstrated the improved quality of reconstructed video for the equivalent MSE method when extracting bit stream arbitrarily at the same bandwidth.

Abstract: In this paper, notion of vector-valued multiresolution analysis is introduced. So does the notion of orthogonal vector-valued wavelets A necessary and sufficient condition on the existence of orthogonal vector-valued wavelets is presented by using paraunitary vector filter bank theory and matrix theory. A novel method for constructing a kind of orthogonal shortly supported vector -valued wavelets is presented.

Abstract: Energy management system (EMS) will be one of energy-saved technologies for iron and steel route. The paper analyzes EMS structure and development focusing on the energy forecasting, optimization and other key technologies in iron and steel works. Taking gas management subsystem of EMS as an example, the forecasting and optimization are described. Byproduct gas is one of important energy medium in energy system, which can play a significant role in energy savings in iron and steel works. In this paper, the models of byproduct gas generation, consumption prediction and optimal utilization are developed for predicting and distributing byproduct gases to make them emit zero. The results show that: EMS should have hardware and software technology conditions to exert its functions; Energy medium, such as byproduct gas and steam, prediction and optimization will be play an important role in energy conservation and emission reduction.

Abstract: A composite coating was prepared on Ti-6Al-4V surface by the combination of nitriding, Mo-sputtering and sulfurizing treatments. The microstructure and phase constituent of the composite coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Furthermore, the cross-sectional hardness gradient of the coating was determined. The results revealed that the composite coating consisted of Ti, Mo, MoS₂, TiN and transition layer and the grain size of the sulfides formed on the coating surface were different with treatment temperature. The examination of the cross-sectional hardness of the composite coating revealed that the coating was an ideal tribological surface.

Abstract: We present a study on spring-back prediction in the stretching bending process using the Chaboche model combined isotropic-kinematic hardening law and Mises yielding criterion, and a material user subroutine (VUMAT, UMAT) program was developed base on the ABAQUS interface for the model. The effects of different hardening law on the spring-back in the stretch forming process was also analyzed and compared. The simulation results show that the combined isotropic-kinematic hardening law has the better spring-back prediction compared with the pure isotropic and kinematic hardening law in the stretch forming process, which is verified by the experimental results.

Abstract: As the surging development of the information technology, Intrusion Detection System has been devised for the safety of computer network. This paper focuses on the method of frequent pattern based intrusion detection. A new formula measuring the normal degree of a transaction is presented. We propose a new algorithm to calculate each transaction’s normal degree as well as detect intrusions. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is competent in detecting intrusions with high detection rate and relatively low false positive rate.

Abstract: Pipe elbows are the most critical components in any piping system. However, the earlier experiments on cracked elbows were focused mainly on the determination of limit load of through wall cracked elbow. The experimental results of plastic collapse load of seven carbon steel 90⁰ elbows, subjected to in-plane opening bending moment, are reported in this work. Among the selected specimens, three were defect-free elbows and six had axial surface cracks at the intrados, crown or at extrados. Test arrangement and the collapse behavior with and without cracks were presented. The plastic collapse loads were then obtained on the basis of experimental results. Reasonably good matching between test results and existing estimation formulae has been observed.

Abstract: In this paper, we propose the notion of vector-valued multiresolution analysis and the vector-valued mutivariate wavelet wraps with multi-scale factor of space L² (Rⁿ, C^v), which are ge- neralizations of multivariate wavelet wraps. An approach for designing a sort of biorthogonal vec- tor-valued wavelet wraps in higher dimensions is presented and their biorthogonality trait is charac- -terized by virtue of integral transform, matrix theory, and operator theory. Two biorthogonality formulas regarding these wavelet wraps are established.