Advanced Materials Research Vols. 233-235

Abstract: Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over an alumina-supported 1% Ni-based catalyst was investigated at atmospheric pressure. The effects of activation and calcination temperatures and the addition of calcium promoted on dry reforming catalysts supported on low surface area alumina Ni/α-Al₂O₃ (SA-5239) were studied experimentally. In this study, the prepared catalyst was tested in a micro tubular reactor at temperature ranges of 500, 600, 700 and 800°C, atmospheric pressure, using a total flow rate of 33 ml/min. of feed gas 3 ml/min of N₂, 15 ml/min of CO₂ and 15 ml/min of CH₄. The calcination was carried out in the range of 500-900°C. The catalysts were activated inside the reactor at 500-800°C using hydrogen gas. It was observed that calcination enhances catalyst activity which increases as calcination and reaction temperatures were increased. It was found essential activating reforming catalysts with H_2. The highest process activity was obtained at 800°C reaction temperature by using catalyst calcined and activated at 900°C and 700°C respectively. The addition of Ca promoter decreases the coke formation on catalyst, however, It initially reduces the activity. The catalyst characterization conducted supported the observed experimental result

Abstract: With mixed rare earth (La, Ce, Nd) doping Ti/TiO₂ electrode for the anode, degradation situation of oilfield wastewater was studied. The results showed that electrocatalysis technology excels at treating oilfield wastewater. Electrocatalytic oxidation reaction kinetic equation: A_t=A₀exp(-7.02×10^-7D^-1.42M^-1.66U^3.40t).

Abstract: The allotropes of graphite and activated carbon were mixed with Cu and Mo powder, respectively. And the two groups of mixtures were high-energy milled and annealed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and DSC/TG were used to investigate the phase transformation during the milling and sintering process. For both groups of powder milled, Mo was hard to dissolve in Cu, and C mainly congregated in the surface of Cu powder. When Cu-Mo-graphite powder as milled was annealed, Mo2C was formed. In comparison to Cu-Mo-graphite alloyed powder, Cu-Mo-activated carbon powder partially formed Cu oxide and Mo oxide with higher binding energy during milling process, which caused higher reduction temperature of Cu oxide and reaction temperature of Mo2C.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.

Abstract: Shenfu bituminous coal (SFBC) and Xilinhaote lignite (XL) were subject to photo-catalytic oxidation with hydrogen peroxide over titanium dioxide. The reaction mixtures were extracted with acetone exhaustively. The extracts were analyzed with FTIR and GC/MS. The results show that coals be oxidized selectively and degraded partially. Compared with the bituminite coal, the oxidation effect of the lignite coal with active hydrogens is more obvious. The alkyl side chains of the macromolecules, particularly, chains of methyl, methylene and aromatic, are the most vulnerable in relation to other compounds in coals. Moreover, the increasing of straight-chain alkanes and the decreasing of condensed nucleus in SFBC and XL through oxidation suggest that the oxidation is an effective method of coal utilization with no difficultly, also be friendly towards the environment after treated as well as in the process of the treatment.

Abstract: The phase equilibrium of the quaternary system H₂O-H₂O₂-CO(NH₂)₂-C₃H₈ with gas hydrate formation had been studied at high pressure and low temperature. The temperature and pressure of gas hydrate formed from different hydrogen peroxide concentration aqueous were determined at adding surfactants and no surfactants separately. It was concluded that the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation was increasing with the increase of the hydrogen peroxide concentration, the urea concentration and the temperature, the mother liquor amount entrained in the gas hydrate after liquid separation by sinking was very high when surfactants was not added, but the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation was decreased and the mother liquor amount entrained in gas hydrate was also decreased when surfactants was added to the system. In addition, the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation in the quaternary system H₂O-H₂O₂-CO(NH₂)₂-C₃H₈ was calculated according to Chen-Guo thermodynamic model, improved UNIFAC mathematical equation and Aasberg-Peterson fugacity coefficient model. The calculated data was in agreement with the experiment data.

Abstract: PPS and PA₆ were blended to improve the mechanical properties of the large diameter PPS monofilaments. The influence of the structure of the blends on the blending monofilaments, the comparative analysis with relevant polymer monofilaments and the acid and alkali resistance were studied in this article. The results demonstrated that: the mechanical properties of the PPS monofilaments were improved. The tensile strength and the collaboration strength of the monofilaments increased. The toughness of the PPS monofilaments increased. Simultaneously, the acid resistance and the alkali resistance of the PPS monofilaments were retained in the PPS/PA₆ blending monofilaments.

Abstract: TDI as main isocyanate, IPDI as end-capping reagent, waterborne polyurethane emulsions (WPUs) surface-sizing agent have been obtained. The properties of WPUs and papers sized by WPUs with different DMPA content, different NCO/OH molar ratio and nNCO_TDI/nNCO_IPDI are systematically examined. The results show that WPUs are new kinds of surface sizing agents with good properties. The water resistance, surface gloss and smoothness of papers sized by WPUs have dramatically increased. The folding endurance, tearing resistance and tensile strength of WPU sized papers are observed to increase obviously.

Abstract: Inverse emulsion graft copolymerization of chitosan and acrylamide monomer under microwave radiation was studied. It was shown that when the microwave radiation power was 300W, the microwave radiation time was 150S, the volume ratio of oil phase and water phase was 1:1, the weight ratio of chitosan and AM was 1:7, the initiator concentration was 0.67mmol/L, the dosage of emulsification agent was 7% of the weight of oil phase and the weight ratio of Span-80 and OP-10 was 6:4, stable inverse latex could be gained. A good dry strengthening effect had been obtained by applying the above mentioned latex in wheat straw pulp as the strengthening agent. The breaking length and tearing index of paper was respectively increased by 23.5% and 15.1% when the dosage of the graft copolymer latex was 0.6%.

Abstract: This article demonstrates the design and industrial operation results of the ethylbenzene(EB) production technology from FCC dry gas by a combination of gas-phase alkylation and liquid-phase transalkylation, developed and commercialized by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), CAS. Based on the high active modified ZSM-5/ZSM-11 co-crystalline zeolite alkylation catalyst and modified β zeolite transalkylation catalyst, both the alkylation and transalkylation reactions are performed under much milder conditions, resulting in low energy cost and low content of xylenes impurities in the EB product. Also, the novel process for EB production, developed by DICP recently, through alkylation of dilute ethylene with gas-liquid mixed phase benzene and transalkylation feed is optimized. The results show that the transalkylation feed addition into the middle-lower part of the reactor improves the EB selectivity from about 90% to more than 99%, and the alkylation and transalkylation reactions are unified into a single reactor. Moreover, the alkylation reaction temperature decreases from more than 320 °C to about 170 °C, and the content of the xylenes impurities in the EB product is further decreased to less than 100 ppm.

Abstract: Sulfated zirconia-modified mesoporous SBA-15 molecular sieves(ZS/SBA-15) had been prepared by homogeneous urea hydrolysis method. The modified materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron micrographs (TEM), nitrogen adsorption. XRD results exhibit that ZS/SBA-15 remains the highly order mesoporous channels with hexagonal structure. The average diameter of the pore decreases from 5.60 to 4.70 nm after addition of ZrO₂ and SO₄^2- to SBA-15.The acid strength(0.80<H₀<0.99)on catalyst surface was determined by mean of Hammett indication method, and the total amount of acid (1.42 mmol·g^-1) was estimated by TPD of NH₃. The catalyst (ZS/SBA-15) show best catalytic activity in synthesis of methyl palmitate.The optimum conditions of the esterification by orthogonal experiments were studied: the molar of methanol to palmitic acid 15: 1,the amount of catalyst 0.8 g, reaction time 8h .The conversion of methyl palmitate could reach 90.3% under the optimum conditions.