Advanced Materials Research Vols. 183-185

Abstract: This paper addresses the application of improvement in vivo of traditional method for determination of nitrate reductase (NR) activity of leaves to dominant tree species in forest community of northern aspect of Changbai Mountains. It describes the NR activity of tree species related to the shade-endurance and shows that the intolerance tree species has higher NR activity. The NR of a species is also related to the ecological situation of the sites. Tree species with higher NR activities should be selected for breeding of fast growing and high yield tree species.

Abstract: Study on whether genetic toxicity of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is reversible. This paper detected Chromosomal aberrations and content of RNA & DNA. Chromosome aberration rate and the RNA/DNA ratio of TDI 1/4LC50 and 1/2 LC50 dosing exposure group were higher than negative control group significantly (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between 1/4LC50 and 1/2LC50 (P>0.05).The results showed that the damage of TDI on chromosomes and DNA was repairable, but can not be repaired completely.

Abstract: The essential oil (1.83% yield, w/w) of Amomum tsao-ko was obtained by hydrodistillation method in Clevenger apparatus. 38 constituents were detected in essential oil of Amomum tsao-ko by GC-MS analysis. 32 compounds representing 98.393% were identified, of which 1,8-cineole (40.891%), α-phellandrene (9.769%), 4-propyl-benzaldehyde (6.988%), and (E)-citral (4.949%) were major compounds. In particular, 1,8-cineole (48.03%) was quantified accurately by GC-FID using external standard method. As a reference to penicillin sodium, antibacterial activity of the essential oil and 1,8-cineole were evaluated against the bacteria and fungi using agar disc diffusion respectively. The order of antimicrobial activitiy of the essential oil against the bacteria was as follows: Bacillus subtilis.> Staphylicoccus albus.> Escherichia coli. The order of antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against the fungi was: Aspergillus oryzae> Rhizopus sp.> Penicillium sp.The 1,8-cineole showed weak inhibiting effect to the bacteria and ineffective against the fungi.

Abstract: The essential oil was obtained from the white Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) grown in Heilongjiang by hydrodistillation in a clevenger apparatus with 0.28% yield. Then the chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 25 constituents were detected, 24 compounds representing for 98.99% were identified, of which the most abundant compound was β-linalool (64.421%). The antibacterial activities of oil were tested against 3 different general of bacteria and were compared with that of the Penicillin sodium, using the filter paper disc agar diffusion method. The result showed that the oil has powerful inhibitory effects against Staphylicoccus albus, followed by Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli.

Abstract: The essential oil (yield 1.46%, w/w) of Monarda citriodora flowers obtained by hydrodistillation was analysed by GC-MS, Totally 30 constituents were detected. 26 compounds representing 97.23% were identified, of which thymol (44.599%), 1,8-cineole (23.613%), α-phellandrene (4.815%) and β-cymene (4.019%) were major compounds. Thus, the monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the predominant portions of the oil. Antibacterial ability of Monarda citriodora essential oil was tested by disc agar diffusion against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylicoccus albus. Antibacterial properties were compared to penicillin. Higher antibacterial activity was observed.

Abstract: Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a kind of polyesters. Due to its biodegradability and other extraordinary properties, PHB could be ideal material for use in medicine, pharmacy, food packaging and agriculture. Of the possible carbon sources, methane could be proved to be one of the most suitable substrates to the production of PHB. The experiment is about a serious of studies that methanotrophic strain IMV M3011 、M3021、and GYJ3 use methane as carbon to accumulate PHB, and their cell growth and PHB accumulation are studied. The capacity of producing PHB about three kinds of Methanotrophic strains is compared. As a result, methanotrophic strain IMV M3011 has a highest capcity to growth at 144h, the biomass of the cell is 1.22g/L, the secondly is M3021, and the GYJ3 is lowest, and methanotrophic strain IMV M3011 also has a highest capcity to produce PHB, PHB content is 16.94%, the secondly is M3021, The GYJ3 is lowest.

Abstract: Due to the environmental deterioration, environmental resources have become one of the limited resources for the development of society and economics. How to make the best use of the finite pollutant emission index has become the focus of modern government and enterprises, while emission trading as an environmental financial policy which can accelerate the development of economics, and at the same time control the total amount of pollution, has gained widespread application. This article proposes the new viewpoint of paid distribution and point out the existing problem of emission trading and the solution to it in today’s China.

Abstract: The pumpkin powder was manufacture from pumpkin, and the composition of pumpkin powder was determined. The result showed that it was abundant composition of nutrition. There was 4.09g fat, 21.06g fibre, 301.57mg calcium in 100g pumpkin powder. The pumpkin powder was low in fat and high in calcium. It was an ideal food of diabetes patients, cardiovascular disease patients and old man. The Pumpkin powders added with 1% to 8% were selected to add into the flours for the preparation of bread dough. Farinographical examination and stretch examination were carried out. The results show that when the addition of pumpkin powder increased from 1% to 5%, the indicators decreased slowly, of which the water absorption of dough decreased 3%, form time of dough was shorten with 1.1min, stability time of dough was shorten with 2.3min, the evaluation value decreased by 5, dough extensibility decreased by 29, tensile resistance decreased 19 B.U, a decrease of the tensile curve area 10cm2, the maximum tensile strength decreased by 28, degree of softening increased 15F.U., the flour could obtain favorable capability of process to bread.

Abstract: As an endogenous anti-damage material in organism, Taurine (Tau) stems from food and almost resides in all animals’ cells by means of liberation，which could be found in diverse biological actions, including protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury, modulation of intracellular calcium concentration, and antioxidant, and blood pressure-lowering effects[1]. It also has an effect that inducing apoptosis in certain kinds of cells. Our results showed that Tau can degrade cell viability, mitochondrial potentials, and the expression of Procasepase-9 in PASMCs. In conclusion, Tau induces apoptosis in PASMCs through mitochondrial-dependent pathway.

Abstract: Terephthalic acid is one of the main contaminations released by PET processing and it's toxic to environment and animals. Useful microbe must be found out to biodegrade it. Bacillus came from waste water may be powerful to biodegrade it, so the waste water were used as the sources of bacillus. The microbe was enriched in enrichment medium first and then isolated on selective medium containing terephthalic acid as the only carbon source to get the microbe suitable for degradation. The purified microbe was used to biodegrade terephthalic acid at different temperature to find out its suitable living and degradation condition. The microbe was identified with molecule biological identification and biolog express identification. The fermentation condition of the purified microbe was studied. The enzyme activity, growth condition and degradation condition was studied. The results showed that the isolated microbe was a kind of bacillus named comamonas testosteroni. It's powerful to degrade terephthalic acid at 37 °C with the rotational speed of 200 rpm. The pH of the medium would increase during degradation of substrate. The degradation would consumed a lot of oxygen. A degradation path may be deduced.