Advanced Materials Research Vols. 236-238

Abstract: Ultrafine pulverization technology was applied for producing apple pomace powder, and the physical-chemical properties of the ultrafine powder including fluidity, water solubility, water holding capacity, fat binding capacity, and solubility of total phenolics and sugars were investigated. Results suggested that ultrafine pulverization had distinct effect on surface properties of apple pomace powder. With decreasing the size of apple pomace powder, the flow behavior and water solubility were improved, and the dissolubility of total phenolics and sugars increased significantly, while the water holding capacity and fat binding capacity decreased. These results would provide useful insight for exploiting the potential applications of apple pomace ultrafine powder in functional foods as well as extracting polyphenols and polysaccharides for commercial practices.

Abstract: Pyroligneous acid (PA), obtained from charcoal production, has been reported excellent capability in antioxidant by chemical examination. However, the biological effect of PA in living animal is still unknown. In this study, a simple model organism, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, was used as an in vivo system to assess the biological effects of PA treatment. The worms were exposed to concentrated pyroligneous acid (CPA) and extraction (CPAE) thereof in a 0.5-5.0 mg/mL concentration and their brood size and germline cell apoptotisis were examined. The results showed that CPA and CPAE rescued the germline cell apoptosis induced by paraquat, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) generator. Additionally, CPA and CPAE did not show negative effect on the brood size and germline cell apoptosis in wild type at normal culture condition, suggesting safety of PA in living worms. To further scrutinize the antioxidant ability of PA, the apoptotic cell of germline induced by parapuat was assayed after treatment of 0.5 mg/mL CPA, CPAE, L-ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol. Treatment with CPAE or L-ascorbic acid could almost completely rescue the germline apoptosis to control level, indicating a potential material in food and biomedicine of PA.

Abstract: A new series of 1-sulfonly substituted imidazole compounds (containing 19 compounds) were synthesized and characterized by ¹HNMR, ¹³CNMR and HRMS. 2d, 2e, 2h, 2i showed promising activities in animal test (in rats) for anti-inflammation. 2k - 2t were used in Chemokine Receptors CXCR4 receptor agonist Calcium assay showed no activities.

Abstract: The spherical chitosan adsorbent was prepared by graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto the cross-linked spherical chitosan beads, and then was adopted to adsorb the L-histidine. The adsorption conditions, i.e., solution pH, adsorption time, initial concentration and adsorption temperature were optimized. The spherical chitosan adsorbent showed excellent equilibrium adsorption capacity of 78.3 mg/g for the L-histidine when the solution pH value was 7.5, adsorption time was 180 min, initial concentration was 1500 mg/L and the adsorption temperature was 25 °C. Moreover, the inorganic salt of NaCl also showed great effect on the equilibrium adsorption capacity exceeding 0.8 mol/L. The static adsorption processes followed the Langmuir adsorption isothermal equation and Freundlich adsorption isothermal equation. Furthermore, L-histidine could be desorbed with 1.5 mol/L of ammonia solution, and the regeneration capacity of the spherical chitosan adsorbent was excellent.

Abstract: Corolla and receptacle of Broussonetia papyrifera from South China were analyzed separately for chemical composition. In this plant’s corolla，the crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates were 7.08％, 3.72％ and 64.73% respectively in dry weight. In the receptacle, the crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates were 4.75％, 8.08％ and 67.03% respectively. Unsaturated fatty acids concentration was 68% of total fatty acids. The percentage of the essential amino acids (EAAs) in total amino acids was 34.52%in corolla and 27.96% in receptacle. Furthermore，many mineral celements composition and vitamins are rich in B. papyrifera flowers. In corolla, calcium is 10015 mg/kg, magnesium is 1989.6 mg／kg, zinc is 62.6 mg／kg, iron is 306.6 mg／kg, V_E is 1.35mg/100g．These results suggest that, the fiowers could be used in dietary supplements preparations or as food additives.

Abstract: In order to exploit and utilize the peanut protein resource and produce high additional value protein products, the preparation technology of peanut polypeptide from peanut protein isolate was investigated using Alcalase. The effects of influencing factors, enzyme dosage, substrate mass fraction, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time and pH value, on hydrolysis was studied during the process of Alcalase hydrolyzing peanut protein isolate by single factor experiment and response surface methodology central composite design. The regression model for the relationship between the influencing factors and the soluble nitrogen mass concentration was established. The optimum parameters for Alcalase enzymatic reaction were obtained as follows: pH value 8.0, enzyme dosage 4762U/g substrate, substrate mass fraction 5%, hydrolysis temperature 50°C, hydrolysis time 180min, and then the soluble nitrogen mass concentration reached to 16.28mg/mL.

Abstract: 5-chloro-1-(4- fluorophenyl)-indole is a key intermediate of sertindole. It can be synthesized from 4-fluoro-bromobenzene and 5-chloroindole by Ullmann reaction, but this step required significant optimization to improve yield and reproducibility for the purity processes of the syntheses that have been disclosed are quite complicated and the reaction proceeds usually can’t go to completion. The Ullmann reaction step in the synthesis of sertidole was improved by using purified 5-chloroindole, suitable catalyst and solvent. A viable kilo-scale synthesis of the 5-chloro-1-(4- fluoro phenyl)-indole was described. Simple workup, economical, high yields and purity of product are some advantages of this method.

Abstract: Experiments were carried out to analysis optimization of freeze-thaw regression model with Response Surface Analysis Method. The optimal response result is: freeze temperature: -18°C, freeze time: 12.5h, thaw temperature: 57°C, released oil yield: 93.16%, total free oil yield rate: 89.28%. The mechanism of demulsification was studied using Micro-imaging, SEM cooling stage, DSC, FTIR spectrometer. DSSP was changed and part of hydrogen bond was broken and α－helix structure conversed to random coil during the freeze process were found the effective freeze-thaw method to destabilize the emulsion.

Abstract: The oyster shell was a common sort of marine shellfish, and its meat and shell serve as traditional medicinal materials. To invest the method in which ACEI (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor) can be prepared, this experiment took oyster as study objective, employed inhibitory coefficient as standard and utilized tryptase as an enzyme. Moreover, this study carried out the chromatogram separation of the hydrolysate by using Sephadex G-25, and measured inhibition coefficient as well as relative molecular weight distribution of ACEI from hydrolysate. The result showed that after the chromatogram separation, the highest activity was determined at the second elution peak at which the active coefficient of ACEI was 89.51%, and that the relative molecular weight distributed between 1842Da and 1396Da.

Abstract: Antibacterial Substances were extracted and purified with trichloroacetic acid-acetone precipitant method and ammonium sulphate, respectively. The region of molecular weight of the extracts was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The antibacterial experiment was carried out, and the results showed that the 50-100KD of the extractions had stronger antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.